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AP Resources - Chapter 2/Chemistry Outline
Matte
Atom
Atomic Theory
Fundamental Structure of Atoms
Nucleus of an atom
#of protons in nucleus = the
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
Atomic Mass
AMU
Orbital=Energy levels
1st_______________________________________
2nd______________________________________
3rd______________________________________
Valence Orbital
Dictates
Octet Rule
Orbital Shapes
There are __________________________naturally known to man
Others are manmade
Element
Atom
Building block of an element
Molecule
Compound
Simplest form of matter
PROTONS=ELECTRONS
Bonds
Ionic Bond
Ion
Cation
Anion
Electrolytes
Oxidation Reduction Reaction
Metabolism
Catabolism- _________________ reaction;
Anabolism-__________________reaction;
Organic molecules have a ___________________ framework
Exceptions are______________ and _________=inorganic molecules along with all other molecules with out a carbon framework
Polymer
Moiety
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates (suffix= OSE)
(CHO)
a. ___________=simplest form of carbohydrate; building block of __________________
i.
ii.
iii.
Structural Isomer
b. _________=2__ chemically bonded together
i.
ii.
iii.
****Glycoside linkage***
c. _________________=3 or more_____ bonded together by ____
i.
ii.
iii.
Alpha 1 4
Beta 1 4
The digestive system can not absorb anything larger than a ________________
Suffix ASE=______________________
Lipids
d. Triglycerides
Building block of triglycerides
e. Steroids
Hormone
f. Phospholipid
Hydrophyllic
Hydrophobic
Amphephyllic
Building block of cell membranes
g. Prostaglandins
******key player in ____________*********
Inflammation is the body’s response to____
5 signs
Proteins
Building block of proteins=____________
______standard Amino Acids (natural)
______can be synthesized by our body
______can not=have to be eaten through our diet = _____________
Peptide bond
Protein=_________or more
******3 DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN IS CRITICAL TO ITS FUNCTION! WORK IN A LOCK AND KEY FASHION******
4 Structures
primary structure
***very few can operate in the primary structure***
Secondary Structure
Tertiary structure
Bonds
Quaternary structure
What can alter the shape of a protein? Altering a protein will __________ causing it to be ____________
Conjucation
Enzyme
Cofactors/Coenzymes
Energy
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
ADP + Pi <-> ATP
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
Nitrogen Bases
Two types of Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
Complementary Base pairing
DNA
RNA
Histone Proteins
Chromosomes
Genes